Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Okwero MA[original query] |
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Overcoming staffing challenges when implementing a birth defects surveillance system: a Ugandan experience
Namale-Matovu J , Barlow-Mosha L , Mumpe-Mwanja D , Kalibbala D , Serunjogi R , Nankunda J , Valencia D , Nabunya E , Byamugishat J , Birabwa-Male D , Okwero MA , Nolan M , Williamson D , Musoke P . J Glob Health Rep 2020 4 Every year, 3–6% of infants worldwide are born with a serious birth defect.1 Approximately 3.3 million children under 5 years die from birth defects, and among those who survive, 3.2 million suffer with disabilities for life.1 Over 94% of all birth defects and 95% of deaths due to the birth defects occur in developing countries.1 Comprehensive, reliable data on birth defects are not available for most developing countries2,3 because implementing and maintaining birth defects surveillance systems requires substantial resources including staffing. |
A hospital-based birth defects surveillance system in Kampala, Uganda
Mumpe-Mwanja D , Barlow-Mosha L , Williamson D , Valencia D , Serunjogi R , Kakande A , Namale-Matovu J , Nankunda J , Birabwa-Male D , Okwero MA , Nsungwa-Sabiiti J , Musoke P . BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019 19 (1) 372 BACKGROUND: In 2010, the World Health Assembly passed a resolution calling upon countries to prevent birth defects where possible. Though birth defects surveillance programs are an important source of information to guide implementation and evaluation of preventive interventions, many countries that shoulder the largest burden of birth defects do not have surveillance programs. This paper shares the results of a hospital-based birth defects surveillance program in Uganda which, can be adopted by similar resource-limited countries. METHODS: All informative births, including live births, stillbirths and spontaneous abortions; regardless of gestational age, delivered at four selected hospitals in Kampala from August 2015 to December 2017 were examined for birth defects. Demographic data were obtained by midwives through maternal interviews and review of hospital patient notes and entered in an electronic data collection tool. Identified birth defects were confirmed through bedside examination by a physician and review of photographs and a narrative description by a birth defects expert. Informative births (live, still and spontaneous abortions) with a confirmed birth defect were included in the numerator, while the total informative births (live, still and spontaneous abortions) were included in the denominator to estimate the prevalence of birth defects per 10,000 births. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of birth defects was 66.2/10,000 births (95% CI 60.5-72.5). The most prevalent birth defects (per 10,000 births) were: Hypospadias, 23.4/10,000 (95% CI 18.9-28.9); Talipes equinovarus, 14.0/10,000 (95% CI 11.5-17.1) and Neural tube defects, 10.3/10,000 (95% CI 8.2-13.0). The least prevalent were: Microcephaly, 1.6/10,000 (95% CI 0.9-2.8); Microtia and Anotia, 1.6/10,000 (95% CI 0.9-2.8) and Imperforate anus, 2.0/10,000 (95% CI 1.2-3.4). CONCLUSION: A hospital-based surveillance project with active case ascertainment can generate reliable epidemiologic data about birth defects prevalence and can inform prevention policies and service provision needs in low and middle-income countries. |
Confronting challenges in monitoring and evaluation: Innovation in the context of the Global Plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive
Radin AK , Abutu AA , Okwero MA , Adler MR , Anyaike C , Asiimwe HT , Behumbiize P , Efuntoye TA , King RL , Kisaakye LN , Ogundehin DT , Phelps BR , Watts H , Weissglas F . J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017 75 Suppl 1 S66-s75 The Global Plan Towards the Elimination of New HIV Infections Among Children by 2015 and Keeping Their Mothers Alive (Global Plan), which was launched in 2011, set a series of ambitious targets, including a reduction of new HIV infections among children by 90% by 2015 (from a baseline year of 2009) and AIDS-related maternal mortality by 50% by 2015. To reach these targets, the Global Plan called for unprecedented investments in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), innovative new approaches to service delivery, immense collective effort on the programmatic and policy fronts, and importantly, a renewed focus on data collection and use. We provide an overview of major achievements in monitoring and evaluation across Global Plan countries and highlight key challenges and innovative country-driven solutions using PMTCT program data. Specifically, we describe the following: (1) Uganda's development and use of a weekly reporting system for PMTCT using short message service technology that facilitates real-time monitoring and programmatic adjustments throughout the transition to a "treat all" approach for pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV (Option B+); (2) Uganda's work to eliminate parallel reporting systems while strengthening the national electronic district health information system; and (3) how routine PMTCT program data in Nigeria can be used to estimate HIV prevalence at the local level and address a critical gap in local descriptive epidemiologic data to better target limited resources. We also identify several ongoing challenges in data collection, analysis, and use, and we suggest potential solutions. |
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